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Amazon (chess)
An amazon (also known as a queen+knight compound) is a fairy chess piece that can move like a queen or a knight (or, equivalently, like a rook, bishop, or knight). It may thus be considered the sum of all orthodox chess pieces (not including pawns). It cannot jump over other pieces when moving as a queen, but may do so when moving as a knight. Below, it is given the symbol QN from Betza notation.
==History==
The amazon is one of the most simply described fairy chess pieces and as such has a long history and has gone by many names. It was experimented with and used widely in the Middle Ages to replace the old slow ferz, and competed with the orthodox queen for this role; however, the normal queen eventually won out, because of the excessive power of an amazon. In Russia for a long time the queen could also move like a knight; some players disapproved of this ability to "gallop like the horse" (= knight).〔() (in Russian)〕〔() (in Russian)〕 The book ''A History of Chess'' by Murray, page 384, says that a Mr. Coxe who was in Russia in 1772 saw chess played with the queen also moving like a knight.
The amazon was first used in Turkish Great Chess, a large medieval variant of chess, where it was called the ''giraffe''. It appears most famously as the ''maharajah'' in the chess variant Maharajah and the Sepoys, where it is White's royal piece and also his only piece. The result of this game is a Black win with perfect play; the complete set of orthodox chessmen can force checkmate on a lone amazon.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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